The UK Government recognises and supports the need to protect overseas workers from exploitation. Countries need national laws to protect workers’ rights, allow unions to operate freely and prevent child labour, and we respect their right to set laws on this and ensure compliance with these laws in their own way. We encourage UK businesses to act responsibly and to adhere to labour laws and standards, in the countries where they are operating.
We believe that the best way to make progress on these issues is for Governments to work with workers and employers’ groups to improve their ability to comply with and enforce labour laws. The lead international organisation on labour issues is the International Labour Organisation (ILO) and it endorses this approach, which we know has had some success. For example, the ILO's 2006 Global Report showed that the number of child labourers worldwide fell by 11% over the previous four years, while the number of children in hazardous work fell by 26%.
The Department for International Development (DFID) is providing almost £20 million over three years to the ILO to strengthen its work with partner countries, promoting decent work. The ILO is developing “Decent Work Country Programmes” in over 80 countries, with over 30 already running, which are designed to help improve the lives of many millions of working people. DFID is also providing funding to a new Decent Work and Labour Standards Forum, based in the UK but with international links, to increase knowledge, debate and cooperation on decent work.
Voluntary schemes are bringing real improvements in conditions for workers overseas. For instance, in 2008, companies who are members of the Ethical Trading Initiative (ETI), registered over 84,000 separate improvements to workers’ conditions that together touch the lives of over 8.6 million workers. Progress in specific projects has included: in Bangladesh, increased wages and shorter working hours for people making garments for export: and in India, getting children out of hazardous work in stone quarries and getting them back into school.
We are continuing to push for more British companies to join the ETI and commit to improving working conditions. For instance, Gareth Thomas, Minister of State at the Department for International Development, has called for B&Q, John Lewis Partnership and Top Shop to join this effort.
We also support providing incentives to countries to ensure decent working conditions. For example we support the special trading deal (called GSP+) that the EU offers to developing countries that ratify and effectively implement twenty-seven international agreements including the eight ILO Core Conventions, which cover freedom from child labour, forced labour and discrimination at work and the right for unions to operate. GSP+ allows the EU to investigate claims that rights are being abused and as a last resort withdraw the additional incentives provided.